Pavón, Battle of
1861 CE
The Battle of Pavón was a key battle of the Argentine civil wars.
It is fought in Pavón, Santa Fé Province, Argentina on September 17, 1861, between the Army of the State of Buenos Aires, commanded by Bartolomé Mitre, and the Army of Republic of the Argentine Confederatio,n commanded by Justo José de Urquiza.
The withdrawal of Urquiza leaves the field to Mitre.
It leads to the dissolution of the national government and the reincorporation of Buenos Aires Province into the Argentine Republic as a dominant member of the nation
Governor Bartolomé Mitre will act as interim President, ratified by the National Congress, and then as the first President of a unified Argentine Republic.
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The trade restriction policies of Argentine strongman Juan Manuel de Rosas, angers the interior provinces and in 1852 Justo José de Urquiza, another powerful caudillo, drives him from power.
As new president of the Argentine Confederation, Urquiza enacts the liberal and federal 1853 Constitution.
Buenos Aires secedes but is forced back into the Confederation after being defeated in the 1859 Battle of Cepeda.
Bartolomé Mitre, overpowering Urquiza in the 1861 Battle of Pavón, secures Buenos Aires' predominance and is elected as the first president of the reunified country.
As new president of the Argentine Confederation, Urquiza enacts the liberal and federal 1853 Constitution.
Buenos Aires secedes but is forced back into the Confederation after being defeated in the 1859 Battle of Cepeda.
Bartolomé Mitre, overpowering Urquiza in the 1861 Battle of Pavón, secures Buenos Aires' predominance and is elected as the first president of the reunified country.
Bartolomé Mitre's Argentine presidency is followed by those of Domingo Faustino Sarmiento (1868-1874) and Nicolás Avellaneda (1874-1880); these three presidencies set up the basis of the modern Argentine State.