The Sudanese Revolution is a major shift of political power in Sudan that starts with street protests throughout Sudan on December 19, 2018, and continues with sustained civil disobedience for about eight months, during which the April 11, 2019, Sudanese coup d'état deposes President Omar al-Bashir after thirty years in power, the June 3 Khartoum massacre takes place under the leadership of the Transitional Military Council (TMC) that replaces al-Bashir, and in July and August 2019 the TMC and the Forces of Freedom and Change alliance (FFC) sign a Political Agreement and a Draft Constitutional Declaration legally defining a planned thirty-nine-month phase of transitional state institutions and procedures to return Sudan to a civilian democracy.

In August and September 2019, the TMC formally transfers executive power to a mixed military–civilian collective head of state, the Sovereignty Council of Sudan, and to a civilian prime minister, Abdalla Hamdok and a mostly civilian cabinet, while judicial power is transferred to Nemat Abdullah Khair, Sudan's first female Chief Justice.