The Left Wing Rebellions Against the Bolsheviks, called by some the Third Russian Revolution and by others the Russian Civil War of 1918-21, are a series of unsuccessful rebellions and uprisings against the Bolsheviks led or supported by left wing groups including Socialist Revolutionaries, Left Socialist Revolutionaries, Mensheviks, and anarchists.

Some are in support of the White Movement while some try to be an independent force.

The uprisings start in 1918 and continue through the Russian Civil War and after until 1922.

In response, the Bolsheviks increasingly abandon attempts to get these groups to join the government and suppress them with force.

The rebellions and their suppression leads to a one-party state.