The 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine, which will later came to be known as "The Great Revolt", is a nationalist uprising by Palestinian Arabs in Mandatory Palestine against the British administration of the Palestine Mandate, demanding Arab independence and the end of the policy of open-ended Jewish immigration and land purchases with the stated goal of establishing a "Jewish National Home".

The dissent is directly influenced by the Qassamite rebellion, following the killing of Sheikh Izz ad-Din al-Qassam in 1935, as well as the declaration by Hajj Amin al-Husseini of May 16, 1936, as 'Palestine Day' and calling for a General Strike.

The revolt is branded by many in the Jewish Yishuv as "immoral and terroristic", often comparing it to fascism and nazism.

David Ben Gurion, however, describes Arab causes as fear of growing Jewish economic power, opposition to mass Jewish immigration and fear of the British identification with Zionism.

The general strike lasts from April to October 1936, initiating the violent revolt.

The revolt consists of two distinct phases.

The first phase is directed primarily by the urban and elitist Higher Arab Committee (HAC) and is focused mainly on strikes and other forms of political protest.

By October 1936, this phase has been defeated by the British civil administration using a combination of political concessions, international diplomacy (involving the rulers of Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Transjordan and Yemen) and the threat of martial law.

The second phase, which begins late in 1937, is a violent and peasant-led resistance movement provoked by British repression in 1936 that increasingly targets British forces.

During this phase, the rebellion is brutally suppressed by the British Army and the Palestine Police Force using repressive measures that are intended to intimidate the Arab population and undermine popular support for the revolt.

During this phase, a more dominant role on the Arab side is taken by the Nashashibi clan, whose NDP party quickly withdraws from the rebel Arab Higher Committee, led by the radical faction of Amin al-Husseini, and instead sides with the British–dispatching "Fasail al-Salam" (the "Peace Bands") in coordination with the British Army against nationalist and Jihadist Arab "Fasail" units (literally "bands").

According to official British figures covering the whole revolt, the army and police kill more than two thousand Arabs in combat; one hundred and eight are hanged, and nine hundred and sixty-one die because of what the official records describe as "gang and terrorist activities".

In an analysis of the British statistics, Walid Khalidi estimates nineteen thousand, seven hundred and ninety-two casualties for the Arabs, with five thousand and thirty-two dead: three thousand, eight hundred and thirty-two killed by the British and twelve hundred dead because of "terrorism", and fourteen thousand seven hundred and sixty wounded.

Over ten percent of the adult male Palestinian Arab population between twenty and sixty is killed, wounded, imprisoned or exiled.

Estimates of the number of Palestinian Jews killed range from ninety-one to several hundred.

The Arab revolt in Mandatory Palestine os unsuccessful, and its consequences will affect the outcome of the 1948 Palestine war.