The Muslim conquest of Transoxiana or the Arab conquest of Transoxiana is the conquest of Transoxiana by the Muslim Arabs as part of the Muslim conquests.

As a corollary to the Muslim conquest of Persia, the Muslims became neighbors of the city states of Transoxiana.

Although Transoxiana is included in the loosely defined "Turkestan" region, only the ruling elite of Transoxiana is partially of Turkic origins whereas the local population is mostly a diverse mix of local Iranian populations.

As the Arabs reach Transoxiana following the conquest of the Sassanid Persian Empire, local Iranian-Turkic and Arab armies clash over the control of Transoxiana's Silk Road cities.

In particular, the Turgesh under the leadership of Suluk, and Khazars under Barjik clash with their Arab neighbors in order to control this economically important region.