The Battle of Mill Springs, also known as the Battle of Fishing Creek in Confederate terminology, and the Battle of Logan's Cross Roads in Union terminology, is fought in Wayne and Pulaski counties, near current Nancy, Kentucky, on January 19, 1862, as part of the American Civil War.

The Union victory concludes an early Confederate offensive campaign in eastern Kentucky.

In late 1861, Confederate Brig. Gen. Felix Zollicoffer guards Cumberland Gap, the eastern end of a defensive line extending from Columbus, Kentucky

In November he advances west into Kentucky to strengthen control in the area around Somerset and makes Mill Springs his winter quarters, taking advantage of a strong defensive position.

Union Brig. Gen. George H. Thomas, ordered to break up the army of Maj. Gen. George B. Crittenden (Zollicoffer's superior), seeks to drive the Confederates across the Cumberland River.

His force arrives at Logan's Crossroads on January 17, 1862, where he wait

for Brig. Gen. Albin Schoepf's troops from Somerset to join him.

The Confederate force under Crittenden attacks Thomas at Logan's Crossroads at dawn on January 19.

Unbeknownst to the Confederates, some of Schoepf's troops have arrived as reinforcements.

The Confederates achieve early success, but Union resistance rallies and Zollicoffer is killed.

A second Confederate attack is repulsed.

Union counterattacks on the Confederate right and left are successful, forcing them from the field in a retreat that enda in Murfreesboro, Tennessee.

Mill Springs is the first significant Union victory of the war, much celebrated in the popular press, but is soon eclipsed by Ulysses S. Grant's victories at Forts Henry and Donelson.