The Lusitanian War, called the Purinos Polemos (meaning Fiery War), is a war of resistance fought between the advancing legions of the Roman Republic and the Lusitani tribes of Hispania Ulterior from 155 to 139 BCE.

The Lusitani revolt on two separate occasions (155 and again 146 BCE) and are pacified.

In 154, a long war in Hispania Citerior known as the Numantine War had been initiated by the Celtiberians; it is to last until 133.