The Livonian Crusade refers to the German and Danish conquest and colonization of medieval Livonia, the territory constituting modern Latvia and Estonia, during the Northern Crusades.

The lands on the eastern shores of the Baltic Sea are the last corners of Europe to be Christianized.

After the success of the crusade, the German- and Danish-occupied territory is divided into the Livonian Confederation, which is organized by William of Modena, and Danish Estonia.