The Kongo Civil War (1665-1709), an internal conflict between rival houses of the Kingdom of Kongo, is waged throughout the middle of the 17th and 18th centuries, pitting partisans of the House of Kinlaza against the House of Kimpanzu.

Numerous other factions enter the fray claiming descent from one or both of the main parties such as the Água Rosada of Kibangu and the da Silva of Soyo.

By the end of the war, Kongo's vaunted capital has been destroyed and many BaKongo have been sold into the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade.