The Battle of Karbala taked place on Muharram 10, in the year 61 AH of the Islamic calendar (October 10, 680) in Karbala, situated in present day Iraq.

The battle is between a small group of supporters and relatives of Muhammad's grandson Hussein ibn Ali, and a much larger military detachment from the forces of Yazid I, the Umayyad caliph, whom Hussein had refused to give an Oath of Allegiance .

Hussein and all his supporters are killed, including Hussein's six-month-old infant son, Ali al-Asghar ibn Husayn, with the women and children taken as prisoners.

The dead are regarded as martyrs by Muslims, and the battle has a central place in Shia history and tradition, and has frequently been recounted in Shia Islamic literature.The Battle of Karbala is commemorated during an annual 10-day period held every Muharram by the Shia and Alevis, as well as many Sunnis, culminating on its tenth day, known as the Day of Ashura.