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Group: Bantu peoples
Topic: Islamic origins

Islamic origins

Years: 616 - 632

Islam begins within the context of Late Antiquity.

In pre-Islamic Arabia, Arab people live on the Arabian Plate.

In the south of Hejaz (the principal religious and commercial center of post-classical Arabia), the Arabic tribe of Quraysh (Adnani Arabs), to which Muhammad belongs, had been in existence.

Near Mecca, the tribe is increasing in power.

The Quraysh are the guardians of the Kaaba within the town of Mecca and is the dominant tribe of Mecca upon the appearance of Islam.

The Kaaba, at this time, is used as an important pagan shrine.

It brings revenues to Mecca because of the multitude of pilgrims that it attracts.

Muhammad was born into the Banu Hashim tribe of the Quraysh clan, a branch of the Banu Kinanah tribe, descended from Khuzaimah and derives its inheritance from the Khuza'imah (House of Khuza'a).According to the traditional Islamic view, the Qur'an (Koran) began with revelations to Muhammad by the angel Gabriel in 610.

The history of the Qur'an began when its verses were revealed to the Muhammad.

The rise of Islam begins around the time Muslims took flight in the Hijra, moving to Medina.In 628, the Makkah tribe of Quraish and the Muslim community in Medina sign a truce called the Treaty of Hudaybiyya, beginning a ten-year period of peace.

War returns when the Quraish and their allies, the tribe of 'Bakr', attack the tribe of 'Khuza'ah', who are Muslim allies.

In 630, Muslims conquer Mecca.

Muhammad dies in June 632.

The Battle of Yamama is fought in December of the same year, between the forces of the first caliph Abu Bakr and Musailima.

"Remember that the people you are following didn’t know the end of their own story. So they were going forward day by day, pushed and jostled by circumstances, doing the best they could, but walking in the dark, essentially."

—Hilary Mantel, AP interview (2009)