The Islamic conquest and rule of Sicily and parts of southern Italy is a process whose origin can be traced back through the general expansion of Islam from the seventh century onwards.

Though the Muslim presence is ephemeral on the peninsula and limited mostly to semi-permanent soldier camps—the Emirate of Bari exists for only twenty years or so—their rule over the island is effective from 902, but their complete rule of Sicily is to last only from 965 until 1061, though they will not be completely evicted until 1091.