Father Le Loutre’s War (1749–1755), also known as the Indian War, the Micmac War and the Anglo-Micmac War, takes place between King George's War and the French and Indian War in Acadia and Nova Scotia.

On one side of the conflict, the British and New England colonists are led by British Officer Charles Lawrence and New England Ranger John Gorham.

Father Jean-Louis Le Loutre leads the Mi'kmaq and the Acadians in a petite guerre behind Anglo-American lines. (At the outbreak of the war there are an estimated three thousand Mi'kmaq and twelve thousand Acadians in the region.)

While the British Conquest of Acadia happens in 1710, the British are contained to settlements at Port Royal and Canso.

The rest of the colony is in the control of the Catholic Mi'kmaq and Acadians.

Almost forty years later, Father Le Loutre's War begins when the British make a concerted effort to settle Protestants in the region and to establish military control over all of Nova Scotia and Acadia (present-day New Brunswick).

Cornwallis establishes Halifax in this year by bringing to Nova Scotia approximately 2500 Protestants.

The Mi'kmaq and some Acadians resist the British.The upheaval caused by this war is unprecedented.

Atlantic Canada witnesses more population movements, more fortification construction, and more troop allocations than ever before in the region.

Twenty-four conflicts are recorded (battles, raids, skirmishes) during the war, thirteen of which are Mi'kmaq and Acadian raids on the capital region Halifax/ Dartmouth.

As typical of frontier warfare, many additional conflicts are unrecorded.During Father Le Loutre's War, the British attempt to establish firm control of the major Acadian settlements in peninsular Nova Scotia and to extend their control to the disputed territory of present-day New Brunswick.

The British also want to establish Protestant communities in Nova Scotia.

During the war, the Acadians and Mi'kmaq leave Nova Scotia for the French colonies of Ile St. Jean (Prince Edward Island) and Ile Royale (Cape Breton Island).

The French also try to maintain control of the disputed territory of present-day New Brunswick.

(Father Le Loutre tries to prevent the New Englanders from moving into present-day New Brunswick just as, a generation earlier, during Father Rale's War, Rale had tried to prevent New Englanders from taking over present-day Maine.)

Throughout the war, the Mi’kmaq and Acadians attack the British forts in Nova Scotia and the newly established Protestant settlements.

They want to retard British settlement and buy time for France to implement its Acadian resettlement scheme.

The war begins with the British unilaterally establishing Halifax, which is a violation of an earlier treaty with the Mi'kmaq (1726), signed after Father Rale's War.

In response, the Acadians and Mi'kmaq orchestrate attacks at Chignecto, Grand Pré, Dartmouth, Canso, Halifax and Country Harbour.

The French erect forts at present-day Saint John, Chignecto and Port Elgin, New Brunswick.

The British respond by attacking the Mi'kmaq and Acadians at Mirligueche (later known as Lunenburg), Chignecto and St. Croix.

The British unilaterally establish communities in Lunenburg and Lawrencetown.

Finally, the British erect forts in Acadian communities located at Windsor, Grand Pre and Chignecto.

The war ends after six years with the defeat of the Mi'kmaq, Acadians and French in the Battle of Fort Beausejour.