The Cyprus Emergency is a conflict fought in British Cyprus between 1955 and 1959.

The National Organization of Cypriot Fighters (EOKA), a Greek Cypriot right-wing nationalist guerrilla organization, began an armed campaign in support of the end of British colonial rule and the unification of Cyprus and Greece (enosis) in 1955.

Opposition to enosis from Turkish Cypriots leads to the formation of the Turkish Resistance Organisation (TMT) in support of the partition of Cyprus.

The Cyprus Emergency ends in 1959 with the signature of the London-Zürich Agreements, establishing the Republic of Cyprus as a non-partitioned independent state separate from Greece.