The combined Athenian-Aetolian army maintains the blockade of Antipater and his Macedonians at Lamía.

Antipater calls for reinforcements from Asia.

Alexander's general Leonnatus intervenes in the spring of 322, setting out from his satrapy to relieve Antipater; nominally a supporter, he is in fact ambitious to usurp Antipater's power.

Leonnatus is a member of the royal house of Lyncestis, a small kingdom that had been included in Macedonia by King Philip II of Macedon.

Leonnatus was the same age as Alexander and was very close to him.

He had later been one of Alexander's seven bodyguards, or somatophylakes.

After Alexander died in 323 BCE, the regent, Perdiccas, made Leonnatus satrap of Hellespontine Phrygia.

Alexander's sister Cleopatra, the widow of king Alexander of Molossia, has offered Leonnatus her hand.

If they marry, Leonnatus will be a powerful rival to Perdiccas, and might reasonably claim the throne, and a victory over the Greeks will certainly enhance his claim.

The marriage never takes place, however: Leonnatus is killed in action, although the reinforcements force the Greeks to raise the siege.

Antipater is thus able escape from Lamia and merge his army with that of the slain Leonnatus.

The arrival of a third Macedonian force under the leadership of Craterus decidedly shifts the numerical superiority to the Macedonian side.

Antipater and Craterus now march their combined army south to force the Greeks to battle.

The Greeks, after calling together their dispersed forces in September 322, meet the Macedonians near Crannon in Thessaly.

The Athenian general Antiphilus, relying on the high reputation of the Thessalian horse, decides, as in the battle with Leonnatus, to try to win the battle with cavalry.

The battle therefore opens with the clash of the Athenia-led and Macedonian cavalry.

With the cavalry of both sides occupied, Antipater orders his infantry to charge the Greek line.

The Greek infantry is driven back by the more numerous Macedonians and withdraw to the high ground from where they can easily repulse any Macedonian assault.

The Greek cavalry, seeing their infantry in retreat, disengages from the battle, leaving the field and victory in Macedonian hands.

While the Athenian-led army is still intact, it is clear that the Macedonians have gained the advantage in the war.

Antiphilus, after conferring with his cavalry commander Menon of Pharsalus, therefore sends an embassy to Antipater the next day asking for terms.

Antipater, however, refuses to conclude any general peace with the Athenian-led alliance as a whole, insisting instead that each city send its own ambassadors.

While these terms are at first rejected, the subsequent Macedonian capture of several Thessalian cities causes a rush of defections as each city strives to make a separate peace.

Athens, abandoned by her allies, is at last forced to surrender unconditionally.

In the peace imposed by Antipater, the Athenians are forced to accept a Macedonian garrison as well as a replacement of democracy with an oligarchy under the leadership of Phocion.

Antigonus has meanwhile fled to Europe, where he persuades Antipater and Craterus that Perdiccas must be destroyed.

He now forms an alliance against Perdiccas with Antipater, Craterus, Ptolemy, and Lysimachus of Thrace. (The generals—ultimately seven in number with the addition of Antipater’s son Cassander and Antipater’s appointee, Polyperchon—vying for control of the empire are known to modern historians as the “Diadochi,’ from the Greek word for “successors.” German historian Johann Gustav Droysen will introduce the term in the nineteenth century.)