The Central African Republic conflict is an ongoing civil war in the Central African Republic (CAR) involving the government, rebels from the Séléka coalition, and anti-balaka militias.

In the preceding Central African Republic Bush War (2004–2007), the government of President François Bozizé fought with rebels until a peace agreement in 2007.

The current conflict arises when a new coalition of varied rebel groups, known as Séléka accuse the government of failing to abide by the peace agreements and capture many towns at the end of 2012.

The capital is seized by the rebels in March 2013, Bozizé flees the country, and the rebel leader Michel Djotodia declares himself president.

Renewed fighting begins between Séléka and militias called anti-balaka In September 2013, President Djotodia disbands the Séléka coalition, which had lost its unity after taking power, and in January 2014, Djotodia resigns.

He is replaced by Catherine Samba-Panza, but the conflict continued.

In July 2014, ex-Séléka factions and anti-balaka representatives sign a ceasefire agreement in Brazzaville.

By the end of 2014, the country is de facto partitioned with the anti-Balaka controlling the south and west, from which most Muslims had evacuated, and ex-Seleka groups controlling the north and east.

Much of the tension is over religious identity between Muslim Séléka fighters and Christian anti-balaka

Other contributing factors include ethnic differences among ex-Séléka factions and historical antagonism between agriculturalists, who largely comprise anti-balaka, and nomadic groups, who constitute most Séléka fighters.

More than eleven hundred thousand people have fled their homes in a country of about five million people, the highest ever recorded in the country.