The April Uprising, an insurrection organized by the Bulgarians in the Ottoman Empire from April to May 1876, indirectly results in the reestablishment of Bulgaria as an independent nation in 1878.The 1876 uprising involves only parts of the Ottoman territories populated predominantly by Bulgarians.

The emergence of Bulgarian national sentiments is closely related to the re-establishment of the independent Bulgarian church in 1870.

Together with notions of romantic nationalism, the rise of national awareness becomes known as the Bulgarian National Revival.