Zhuge Liang (181–234) is a chancellor of the state of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history.

He is often recognized as the greatest and most accomplished strategist of his era.Often depicted wearing a robe and holding a hand fan made of crane feathers, Zhuge Liang is not only an important military strategist and statesman; he is also an accomplished scholar and inventor.

His reputation as an intelligent and learned scholar grows even while he is living in relative seclusion, earning him the nickname "Wolong" (literally: "Crouching Dragon").

Zhuge is an uncommon two-character compound family name.

His name – even his surname alone – has become synonymous with intelligence and strategy in Chinese culture.