Yan Liben is a Chinese painter and government official of the early Tang Dynasty.

His most renowned work is the Thirteen Emperors Scroll.

He also paints the Portraits at Lingyan Pavilion, under Emperor Taizong of Tang, commissioned in 643 to commemorate 24 of the greatest contributors to Emperor Taizong's reign, as well as 18 portraits commemorating the 18 great scholars who served Emperor Taizong when he was the Prince of Qin.

Yan's paintings include painted portraits of various Chinese emperors from the Han Dynasty (202 BCE- CE 220) up until the Sui Dynasty (581-618) period.

His works are highly regarded by the Tang writers Zhu Jingxuan and Zhang Yanyuan, who notes his paintings are "works among the glories of all times".

From the years 669 to 673, Yan Liben also serves as a chancellor under Emperor Taizong's son Emperor Gaozong (r. 649-683).