Colonel Thomas Cresap (c.1702—c.1790) was an English-born settler and trader in the states of Maryland and Pennsylvania.

Cresap serves Lord Baltimore as an agent in the 'Maryland-Pennsylvania boundary dispute' that became known as Cresap's War south of what will become Wrightsville, Pennsylvania.

Later, together with the Native American chief Nemacolin, Cresap improves a Native American path to the Ohio Valley, and ultimately settles and becomes a large landowner near Cumberland, Maryland where he becomes involved in further disputes near Brownsville, Pennsylvania, including in the French and Indian War and Lord Dunmore's War.