Shalmaneser I (1274 BCE – 1245 BCE or 1265 BCE - 1235 BC) is a king of Assyria.

Son of Adad-nirari I, he succeeds his father as king in 1265 BCE.

According to his annals, discovered at Assur, in his first year he conquered eight countries in the northwest and destroyed the fortress of Arinnu, the dust of which he brought to Assur.

In his second year he defeated Shattuara, king of Hanilgalbat, and his Hittite and Ahlamu allies.

He incorporated the remains of the Mittani kingdom as part of one of the Assyrian provinces.

Shalmaneser I also claimed to have blinded 14,400 enemy prisoners in one eye.

He was one of the first Assyrian kings who was known to deport his defeated enemies to various lands rather than simply slaughtering them all.

He conquers the whole country from Taidu to Irridu, from Mount Kashiar to Eluhat, and from the fortresses of Sudu and Harranu to Carchemish on the Euphrates.

He buids palaces at Assur and Nineveh, restores the "world-temple" at Assur, and founds the city of Nimrud.

He is succeeded by his son Tukulti-Ninurta I.