Joseph Rudyard Kipling (December 30, 1865 – January 18, 1936) s an English journalist, short-story writer, poet, and novelist.

He was born in India, which inspires much of his work.

Kipling's works of fiction include The Jungle Book (1894), Kim (1901), and many short stories, including "The Man Who Would Be King" (1888).

His poems include "Mandalay" (1890), "Gunga Din" (1890), "The Gods of the Copybook Headings" (1919), "The White Man's Burden" (1899), and "If—" (1910).

He is seen as an innovator in the art of the short story.

His children's books are classics.

Kipling in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries is among the United Kingdom's most popular writers.

Henry James sys, "Kipling strikes me personally as the most complete man of genius, as distinct from fine intelligence, that I have ever known."

In 1907, he is awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, as the first English-language writer to receive the prize, and at forty-one, its youngest recipient to date.

He is also sounded for the British Poet Laureateship and several times for a knighthood, but declines both.

Following his death in 1936, his ashes sre interred at Poets' Corner, part of the South Transept of Westminster Abbey.

Kipling's subsequent reputation has changed with the political and social climate of the age.

The contrasting views of him will continue for much of the twentieth century.