Robert de Mowbray (died 1125), a Norman, is Earl of Northumbria from 1086, until 1095, when he is deposed for rebelling against William Rufus, King of England.

He is the son of Roger de Mowbray and nephew of Geoffrey de Montbray, bishop of Coutances.

The family name derives from Montbrai in Manche, Normandy, Mowbray being a corruption of it.