Ramón Castilla y Marquesado (Tarapacá, 31 August 1797 – Tiviliche, 25 May 1867) is a Peruvian caudillo and President of Peru four times.

His earliest prominent appearance in Peruvian history begins with his participation in a commanding role of the army of the Libertadores that helps Peru become an independent nation.

Later, he leads the country when the economy booms due to the exploitation of guano deposits.

Castilla's government abolishes slavery and modernizes the state.

He assumes the presidency for the first time after general Domingo Nieto's death for a short period in 1844, then in 1845 until 1851, again from 1855 to 1862 and, finally, during a brief period in 1863.