Philaretos Brachamios is a distinguished Byzantine general and warlord of Armenian heritage, and for a time is a usurper against emperor Michael VII.

Philaretos is testified on seals as taxiarches (commander of an infantry regiment), as well as protospatharios and topoteretes (deputy commander) of the Tagmata of Cappadocia, then as magistros and doux (duke), and finally as kouropalates and doux.