Pelagius (Spanish: Pelayo; c. 685 – 737) is a Visigothic nobleman who founds the Kingdom of Asturias, ruling it from 718 until his death.

Through his victory at the Battle of Covadonga, he is credited with beginning the Reconquista, the Christian reconquest of the Iberian peninsula from the Moors.

He establishes an independent Christian state in opposition to Moorish hegemony, but there is no strong evidence that he intended to resuscitate the old Visigothic Kingdom, or was motivated by any religious desire.