Nikolaus Federmann (Spanish: Nicolás de Federmán) (born c. 1505 in Ulm – died February 1542 in Valladolid) is a German adventurer and conquistador in the colonies of Venezuela and Colombia.

He is a significant figure in the history of Klein-Venedig (1528–1546), the concession of Venezuela Province to the Welser banking family by Charles I of Spain.