Mahmud ibn Hussayn ibn Muhammad al-Kashgari is an 11th-century Muslim Uyghur scholar and lexicographer of Turkic languages from Kashgar.

His father, Hussayn, was the mayor of Barsgan, a town in eastern-southern part of Issyk Kul lake (nowadays village of Barskoon in Northern Kyrgyzstan's Issyk Kul region) and related to the Qara-Khanid ruling dynasty.

Some modern writers allege that his mother, Bibi Rābiy'a al-Basrī, was of Arab origin.