Saint Macarius of Jerusalem is Bishop of Jerusalem from 312 to shortly before 335, according to Sozomen.

St. Athanasius, in one of his orations against Arianism, refers to St. Macarius as an example of "the honest and simple style of apostolical men."

The date 312 for Macarius's accession to the episcopate is found in St. Jerome's version of Eusebius of Caesarea's Chronicles; Tillement.

About 325 he accompanies Saint Helena, the mother of Constantine I in her successful search at Jerusalem for the True Cross.

His death must have been before the Council of Tyre, in 335, at which his successor, Maximus, is apparently one of the bishops present.

He also receives a long letter from Constantine the Great with reference to the building of the Basilica of the Holy Sepulchre at Jerusalem: "Such is our Savior's grace, that no power of language seems adequate to describe the wondrous circumstance to which I am about to refer.

For, that the monument of his most holy Passion, so long ago buried beneath the ground, should have remained unknown for so long a series of years, until its reappearance to his servants now set free through the removal of him who was the common enemy of all, is a fact which truly surpasses all admiration ... And as to the columns and marbles, whatever you shall judge, after actual inspection of the plan, to be especially precious and serviceable, be diligent to send information to us in writing, in order that whatever quantity or sort of materials we shall esteem from your letter to be needful, may be procured from every quarter, as required, for it is fitting that the most marvelous place in the world should be worthily decorated."

(Macarius is one of the bishops to whom St. Alexander of Alexandria wrote, warning them against Arius.)