Ly Nhan Tong (1066–1127), given name Ly Can Duc, is the fourth emperor of the Ly Dynasty, reigning over Vietnam from 1072 to his death in 1127.

He succeeds his father Ly Thanh Tong at the age of only 7, During these early year, Ly Nhan Tong reigns with the assistance of his mother the Empress Mother Y Lan and the chancellor Ly Dạo Thanh, who are both considered competent regents and able to help the emperor to keep the prosperity of the country.

Appreciated as a great emperor of the Ly Dynasty, Ly Nhan Tong makes important contribution to the development of Dai Viet, especially national education for Confucian learning with the first imperial examination and the first imperial school for Confucian students established by the order of the emperor.

During his 55-year reign, the longest in the history of Vietnamese monarchs, Ly Nhan Tong also experiences several conflicts against Dai Viet's neighbors, the Song Dynasty and the kingdom of Champa, in which the fiercest is the Song-Dai Viet War, or Sino-Annamese War of 1075–1076.