Major-General Lachlan Macquarie CB (31 January 1762 – 1 July 1824) is a Scottish British army officer and colonial administrator.

He serves as the last autocratic Governor of New South Wales, Australia from 1810 to 1821 and has a leading role in the social, economic and architectural development of the colony.

He is considered by some historians to have had a crucial influence on the transition of New South Wales from a penal colony to a free settlement and therefore to have played a major role in the shaping of Australian society in the early nineteenth century.

An inscription on his tomb in Scotland describes him as "The Father of Australia".