Kō Rājakēsarivarman Abhaya Kulōttunga Chōla is one of the greatest kings of the Chola Empire who rules in the late 11th century and early 12th century.

He is one of the sovereigns who bears the title Kulottunga, literally meaning the exalter of his race.

During his early reign he carries out a land survey and settlement as the basis of taxation.

His records also testify to the highly organized system of fiscal and local administration.

He has diplomatic relations with the north Indian city Kanauj as also with far off countries like Cambodia, Sri Vijaya and China.

His court poet is Jayamkondar, who writes the poem Kalingattu parani to celebrate the king’s military victories.

He is a liberal ruler, as several land grants are given to the members of the Shudra community, who are generals and royal officials during his reign.

During his reign, direct Chola overlordship is established over the Srivijaya province Kedah in Malaysia.