Joseph Lanner (12 April 1801 – 14 April 1843) is an Austrian dance music composer.

He is best remembered as one of the earliest Viennese composers to reform the waltz from a simple peasant dance to something that even the highest society could enjoy, either as an accompaniment to the dance, or for the music's own sake.

He is just as famous as his friend and musical rival Johann Strauss I, who is better known outside of Austria in their day because of his concert tours abroad, in particular, to France and England.

Lanner has a lesser-known son, August Lanner, who is just as musically gifted and prodigious as his father.

His daughter Katharina becomes a well known international ballet dancer, settling in London where she becomes an influential choreographer and teacher.