José Manuel Emiliano Balmaceda Fernández (July 19, 1840 – September 18, 1891) is the 11th President of Chile from September 18, 1886 to August 29, 1891.

Balmaceda is part of the Castilian-Basque aristocracy in Chile.

While he is president, his political disagreements with the Chilean congress lead to the Chilean Civil War of 1891, at the end of which he commits suicide.