Jeroboam II is the son and successor of Jehoash, (alternatively spelled Joash), and the fourteenth king of the ancient Kingdom of Israel, over which he rules for forty-one years according to 2 Kings (2 Kings 14:23).

His reign is contemporary with those of Amaziah (2 Kings 14:23) and Uzziah (15:1), kings of Judah.

He is victorious over the Syrians (13:4; 14:26, 27), conquers Damascus (14:28), and extends Israel to its former limits, from "the entering of Hamath to the sea of the plain" (14:25; Amos 6:14).

William F. Albright has dated his reign to 786 BC – 746 BCE, while E. R. Thiele says he was coregent with Jehoash 793 BCE to 782 BCE and sole ruler 782 BC to 753 BCE.