Jaafar Muhammad an-Nimeiry (otherwise spelled in English as Jaafar Nimeiry, Jaafar Nimeiry or Ja'far Muhammad Numayri; April 26, 1928 –  May 30, 2009) is a Sudanese politician who is the President of Sudan from 1969 to 1985.

A military officer, he comes to power after a military coup in 1969.

With his party, the Sudanese Socialist Union, he initially pursues socialist and Pan-Arabist policies.

In 1972 he signs the Addis Ababa Agreement, ending the First Sudanese Civil War.

He later becomes an ally of the United States.

In the late 1970s he moves towards Islamism, and in 1983 he imposes Sharia law throughout the country, precipitating the Second Sudanese Civil War.

He is ousted from power in 1985 and goes into exile in Egypt.

He returns in 1999 and runs in the Presidential elections in 2000, but does poorly.