Louis the Blind, having failed in his last attempt to restore Carolingian power over Italy, will continue to rule Provence for many more years, though his cousin Hugh, Count of Arles, is the dominant figure in the territory.

Bertha, the eldest daughter of Berengar I of Italy, had become abbess of San Salvatore in Brescia, where her aunt had once been a nun, by 915.

In that year, the following year, and in 917, Berengar had endowed her monastery with three privileges to build or man fortifications.

Berengar retreats to Verona and has to watch, sidelined, as the Magyars pillage the country.

Berengar’s younger daughter, Gisela, had married Adalbert I of Ivrea as early as 898 (and no later than 910), but this had failed to spark an alliance with the Anscarids.

She was dead by 913, when Adalbert remarried.

Adalbert, one of Berengar's earliest internal enemies after the defeat of Louis of Provence, has called on Hugh of Arles between 917 and 920 to take the Iron Crown.

Hugh had invaded Italy, with his brother Boso, and advanced as far as Pavia, where Berengar had starved them into submission, but allowed them to pass out of Italy freely.

Dissatisfied with the emperor, who had ceased his policy of grants and family alliances in favor of paying Magyar mercenaries, several Italian nobles—led by Adalbert and many of the bishops—invite Rudolph II of Upper Burgundy, king from 912, to take the Italian throne in 921.

Moreover, his own grandson, Berengar of Ivrea, rises up against him, incited by Rudolph.

John, Bishop of Pavia, surrenders his city to Rudolph in 922; it will be sacked by the Magyars in 924.

Rudolph is here crowned King of the Lombards.

The forces of Rudolph, Adalbert, and Berengar of Ivrea meet those of Berengar on July 29, 923, and defeat him in the Battle of Fiorenzuola, near Piacenza.

The battle is decisive and Berengar is de facto dethroned and replaced by Rudolf.

Berengar is murdered in 924, possibly at the instigation of Rudolph.

He leaves no sons, only a single surviving daughter (the aforementioned Bertha) and an anonymous epic poem, the Gesta Berengarii Imperatoris, about the many happenings of his troublesome reign.

Rudolph now rules Upper Burgundy and Italy together, residing alternately in both kingdoms.

The Italian nobility, turning against Rudolph in 926, requests that Hugh of Arles, the effective ruler of Provence (or Lower Burgundy), rule them instead.

Rudolph returns to Upper Burgundy to protect himself, assuring Hugh's coronation as King of Italy in the process.

Burchard II had married his daughter Bertha to King Rudolph II of Upper Burgundy in 922 and affirmed the peace of three years prior.

Burchard had then accompanied Rudolph into Italy when he was elected king by opponents of the Emperor Berengar.

When, in 926, Hugh of Arles is elected by his partisans to oppose Rudolph, Burchard attacks Novara, defended by the troops of Lambert, Archbishop of Milan.

Here he is killed, probably on April 29.

His widow, Regelinda (d. 958), remarries to Burchard's successor, Herman I.

Hugh, meeting with Rudolph of France and Herbert II of Vermandois in Burgundy in September 928, grants Vienne to Herbert's son Odo in opposition to Charles Constantine.

He is still in conflict with Rudolph of Burgundy and hopes to ally with the King of France against the Burgundian monarch.