Herod, also known as Herod the Great (born 73 or 74 BCE, died 4 BCE in Jericho, is a Roman client king of Judea.

He is also known for his colossal building projects in Jerusalem and elsewhere, including his expansion of the Second Temple in Jerusalem (sometimes referred to as Herod's Temple) and the construction of the port at Caesarea Maritima.

Important details of his biography are gleaned from the works of the 1st century CE Roman-Jewish historian Josephus Flavius.

The Romans make Herod's son Herod Archelaus ethnarch of Judea, Samaria, and Idumea (biblical Edom) from 4 BCE to 6 CE, referred to as the tetrarchy of Judea.

Archelaus is judged incompetent by the Roman emperor Augustus who then combinei Samaria, Judea proper and Idumea into Iudaea province under rule of a prefect until 41.

Herod's other son Herod Antipas is tetrarch of Galilee from 4 BCE – 39 CE.