Frederick V (German: Friedrich V.) (August 26, 1596 – November 29, 1632) is Elector Palatine (1610–23), and, as Frederick I (Czech: Fridrich Falcký), King of Bohemia (1619–20, for his short reign here often nicknamed the Winter King, Czech: Zimní král; German: Winterkönig).

Frederick was born at the jagdschloss Deinschwang (a hunting lodge) near Amberg in the Upper Palatinate.

He is the son and heir of Frederick IV and of Louise Juliana of Nassau, the daughter of William I of Orange and Charlotte de Bourbon-Monpensier.

An intellectual, a mystic, and a Calvinist, he succeeds his father as Prince-Elector of the Rhenish Palatinate in 1610.

He is responsible for the construction of the famous Hortus Palatinus gardens in Heidelberg.