Fatimah (born c. 605 or 615 – died 633) is a daughter of prophet Muhammad and Khadijah, wife of Ali and mother of Hasan and Hussein, and one of the five members of Ahl al-Bayt.

She becomes the object of great veneration by all Muslims, because she lived closest to her father and supported him in his difficulties, because of the historical importance of her husband and her two sons, and because she is the only member of Prophet Muhammad's family that gave him descendants, numerously spread through the Islamic world.

For Muslims, Fatimah is an inspiring example and Fatimah is one of the most popular girl's names throughout the Muslim world.

She is involved in three significant political actions, each recorded in almost all sources.

First, after the conquest of Mecca, she refuses her protection to Abu Sufian; second, after Muhammad's death, she courageously defends Ali’s cause, fiercely opposed the election of Abu Bakr, and has violent disputes with him and particularly with Umar; third, she lays claim to the property rights of her father and challenges Abu Bakr’s categorical refusal to cede them, particularly Fadak and a share in the produce of Khaybar.

She dies a few months after her father's death, and is buried in Jannat Al-Baqi', but the exact location of her grave is unknown.

Many Twelver Shia Muslims believe that she died as a result of her injury caused by Umar, incurred while defending Ali against Abu Bakr.

Sunni Muslims, who regard Abu Bakr and Umar as revered figures, and the Zaidiyyah Shia reject this version of events.