Empress Genmei (660 – December 29, 721), also known as Empress Genmyō, is the 43rd monarch of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.

Genmei's reign spans the years 707 through 715.

In the history of Japan, Genmei is the fourth of eight women to take on the role of empress regnant.

The three female monarchs before Genmei were Suiko, Kōgyoku/Saimei, and Jitō.

The four women sovereigns reigning after Genmei are Genshō, Kōken/Shōtoku, Meishō, and Go-Sakuramachi.