Emperor Go-Sanjō (September 3, 1034 – June 15, 1073) is the 71st emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.

Go-Sanjō's reign spans the years from 1068 through 1073.

This 11th century sovereign is named after Emperor Sanjō and go-, translated literally as "later;" and thus, he is sometimes called the "Later Emperor Sanjō".

The Japanese word "go" has also been translated to mean the "second one;" and in some older sources, this emperor may be identified as "Sanjō, the second," or as "Sanjo II."