Duan Chengshi (died 863) is an author and scholar of the Tang Dynasty in China.

He was born to a wealthy family in present day Zibo, Shandong.

A descendant of the early Tang official Duan Zhixuan (-642), and the son of Duan Wenchang, a high official under Tang Xuanzong, his family background enables him to obtain office without taking the Imperial exams.

As a poet, he is associated with Li Shangyin and Wen Tingyun.