Cambyses II,son of Cyrus the Great (r. 559–530 BCE), is a king of kings of the Achaemenid Empire.

Cambyses's grandfather was Cambyses I, king of Anshan.

Following Cyrus the Great's conquest of the Near East and Central Asia, Cambyses II further expands the empire into Egypt during the Late Period by defeating the Egyptian pharaoh Psamtik III during the battle of Pelusium in 525 BCE.

After the Egyptian campaign and the truce with Libya, Cambyses invades the Kingdom of Kush (located in what is now the Republic of Sudan) but with little success.