Apolinario Mabini y Maranan (July 23, 1864 – May 13, 1903) is a Filipino revolutionary leader, educator, lawyer, and statesman who serves first as a legal and constitutional adviser to the Revolutionary Government, and then as the first Prime Minister of the Philippines upon the establishment of the First Philippine Republic.

He is regarded as the "utak ng himagsikan" or "brain of the revolution".

Two of his works, El Verdadero Decalogo (The True Decalogue, June 24, 1898), and Programa Constitucional dela Republica Filipina (The Constitutional Program of the Philippine Republic, 1898) become instrumental in the drafting of what will eventually be known as the Malolos Constitution.

Mabini performs all his revolutionary and governmental activities despite having lost the use of both his legs to polio shortly before the Philippine Revolution of 1896.

Mabini's role in Philippine history sees him confronting first Spanish colonial rule in the opening days of the Philippine Revolution, and then American colonial rule in the days of the Philippine–American War.

The latter sees Mabini captured and exiled to Guam by American colonial authorities, allowed to return only two months before his eventual death in May 1903.