Anwar El Sadat (25 December 1918 – 6 October 1981) is the third President of Egypt, serving from October 15, 1970 until his assassination by fundamentalist army officers on October 6, 1981.

Sadat is a senior member of the Free Officers who overthrow King Farouk in the Egyptian Revolution of 1952, and a close confidant of President Gamal Abdel Nasser, whom he succeeds as President in 1970.

In his eleven years as President, he changes Egypt's trajectory, departing from many of the political, and economic tents of Nasserism, re-instituting a multi-party system, and launching the Infitah economic policy.

As President, he leads Egypt in the October War of 1973 to liberate Egypt's Sinai Peninsula, which Israel had occupied since Six-Day War of 1967, making him a hero in Egypt and, for a time, the wider Arab World.

Afterwards, he engages in negotiations with Israel, culminating in the Egypt–Israel Peace Treaty.

This wins him the Nobel Peace Prize, but also makes him unpopular among many Egyptians and other Arabs, and results in Egypt’s suspension from the Arab League from 1979 to 1989.

The peace treaty is also one of the primary factors that leads to his assassination.