Andreas G. Papandreou (5 February 1919 – 23 June 1996) is a Greek economist, a socialist politician and a dominant figure in Greek politics.

The son of Georgios Papandreou, Andreas is a Harvard-trained academic.

He serves two terms as Prime Minister of Greece (21 October 1981, to 2 July 1989, and 13 October 1993, to 22 January 1996).

His assumption of power in 1981 influences the course of Greek political history, ending an almost 50-year long system of power dominated by conservative forces; the achievements of his successive governments include the official recognition of the Greek Resistance against the Axis, the establishment of the National Health System and the Supreme Council for Personnel Selection (ASEP), the passage of Law 1264/1982 which secures the right to strike and greatly improved the rights of workers, the constitutional amendment of 1985–1986 which strengthens parliamentarism and reduces the powers of the unelected President, the conduct of an assertive and independent Greek foreign policy, the expansion in the power of local governments, many progressive reforms in Greek Law, and granting permission to the refugees of the Greek Civil War to return home in Greece.

The Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK) which he founds and leads ias the first non-communist political party in Greek history with a mass-based organization, and introduces an unprecedented level of political and social participation in Greek society.

In a poll conducted by Kathimerini in 2007, 48% of those polled called Papandreou the "most important Greek Prime Minister".

In the same poll, the first four years of Papandreou's government after Metapolitefsi were voted as the best government Greece ever had.