Amanullah Khan (June 1, 1892 – April 25, 1960) is the Sovereign of the Kingdom of Afghanistan from 1919 to 1929, first as Emir and after 1926 as Malik (King).

He leads Afghanistan to independence over its foreign affairs from the United Kingdom, and his rule is marked by dramatic political and social change.

He is the first Afghan ruler who attempts to modernize Afghanistan on western designs.

However, he does not succeed in this because of a popular uprising by Habibullah Kalakani and his followers.

On 14 January 1929, Amanullah abdicates and flees to then neighboring British India while Afghanistan falls into a civil war.

From British India he goes to Europe, where he dies in Zürich, Switzerland, in 1960.