The Yao nationality (its great majority branch is also known as Mien) is a government classification for various minorities in China.

They form one of the fifty-five ethnic minority groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China, where they reside in the mountainous terrain of the southwest and south.

They also form one of the fifty-four ethnic groups officially recognized by Vietnam.

In the last census in 2000, they numbered 2,637,421 in China, and roughly 470,000 in Vietnam.