The Vilna Governorate (1795–1915; also known as Lithuania-Vilnius Governorate from 1801 until 1840) or Government of Vilnius is a governorate (guberniya) of the Russian Empire created after the Third Partition of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1795.

It is part of the Lithuanian General Governorate, which is called the Vilnius General Governorate after 1830, and is attached to the Northwestern Krai.

The seat is in Vilnius (Vilna in Russian), where the Governors General resides.